Inequality Can Be Defined As Opportunities Distributed

Inequality can be defined as opportunities distributed to different individuals in a society in an unequal distribution. Education is known to be the great equalizer of society, However, unequal distribution of educational resources negates this very concept. In education, a crucial measure of child s performance their socioeconomic status. Difference in social background results in differences in achievement within an academic field. Studies have shown that the higher the socioeconomic status, the more access to better education, and educational resources such as tutoring and extra educational classes. This is because the individual student s success depends on their parents income and where they live. More affluent neighborhoods have†¦show more content†¦Working-class and poor children, by contrast , tend to under-take the accomplishment of natural growth. ( Lareau 401) Middle class families are well involved in their children lives. They are also encouraging their childre n to engage in extracurricular activities, get involve in active participation in school that will drive them to question things beyond their capacity. While children of working class families do not necessarily demand the active participation of their children but rather delegate order for them to carry out in their daily lives. In addition, less attention is given to children of working class and poor families because they are deemed responsibly enough to carry out task independently. Based on Anyon’s research the level of one’s social class depends on the level of education a child is able to receive. Children of the middle class family are able to receive the higher quality of education because of the resources and the wide arrange of creativity that is allowed in the classrooms. Whereas children of the working class family lack many of those resources leaving them to be less creative and less well rounded. The two elementary schools labeled of working class families, lacked severely compared to those of a higher class. The teachers did not give clear direction of task, or showed any desire to help students who were struggling with their work. An example of working class students in a classroom from Anyon research is stated below: AnShow MoreRelatedEconomic Inequality, Inequality And Inequality952 Words   |  4 PagesOECD, the term inequality in the opposite of equity can be defined as evenness or fairness within the social, political, and economic perspectives. Equity forms the core value of both the western democratic tradition and religions. From the concept of equality, inequality can be described as unfair or uneven treatments of the people within the society or unequal distribution of resources, income, and other factors between different sectors in the society. 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The Universal Credit Program Project Management Free Essays

Management This report is addressed to the Universal Credit Project Board. Number of words: 1582 Executive Summary The Universal Credit Programme has failed in many eyes because of a lack of good project management. I researched the reasons of the lack of good project management and come to some good conclusions on the following subjects: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on The Universal Credit Program: Project Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Project Initiation The programme was underestimated and the goals where to optimistic, the effects of the project initiation are clearly linked back of the complications which appeared later on the project. For example the project has changed project manager 5 times because of a lack of transparency. The lack of transparency can be linked back to setting to many goals in the project initiation. The project should have research the details better on making an IT programme this big. 2. Project organisation and structure The programme has been approached with an agile method, a lot like scrum-method. The biggest mistake that was made is the lack of use of an agile project framework. It is logical that a programme from this size always includes Waterfall project management’. But in the Universal Credit programme the waterfall-managing ethod was counterworking the agile approach that was used. The project also lacks of a good stakeholders communication department, the communication with the stakeholders has been a big problem with the Universal Credit programme. More details about these conclusions can be found in the rest of the report. Introduction to the report For the course Project Management (344SAM) I am asked to write an report addressed to the Universal Credit Project Board. This is regarding the bad publicity the project has gotten lately from the press. The case study consists of an article form Brian Wernham where he claims that the Universal Credit Program has suffered from bad Project Management and a â€Å"lack of transparency’. In my research I will only use the information available till 5 September 2013, because this is the date when the report was published. In my research I will be focussing on the following 2 subjects: 1. Project initiation Brief background on project For this project I will be do research on the project management of the Universal Credit Programme. This program is developed to make a single monthly payment instead of all sorts separately benefits and tax credit top-ups payments. This rogram includes a ‘subsidy to work, people will be encouraged to work this way. To establish this project there must be a solid and reliable IT system. A lot of calculations have to been made and a lot of external influences must be taken in account. I’m going to research: What where the project goals, scope, organisation, business case, constraints? Which organisation and structure has been used? At the end of the report I will write my conclusions and recommendations. Project Initiation When the project was initiated at the end of 2012, there was a lot criticism on the project. This was mainly because of a lack of transparency; people didn’t really know what the programme meant. 1 1(The Ethical Deficit of the Proposed Universal Credit, Harley Dean, 2012, The Political Quarterly, Vol. 83, No. 2) The project initiation can be divided in 5 segments, which I will describe separately. Project Goals They are a lot of project goals for the universal credits programme: Good outcomes for claimants, Improved health (mental health especially), Increase the overall level of competencies and qualifications. Get more people from welfare into work. Reduce the amount of people getting homeless. And there are a lot of smaller goals stated in the report. They want to aim to process 95% of new housing benefits within 1 5 days. Also all the claims will merely be online processed. 3 Scope Entrepreneurial Council Board, Corporate Strategy and Governance Board. Project Organisation The project organisation consists of: 1 . Project Manager 2. Administrative employee 3. Trainee’s for staff 4. Online development 5. Communications and marketing 6. WMT The Entrepreneurial Council Board and WMT monitor the project. Business case There is no business case in the Project initiation document (PID). Constraints The PID says: â€Å"The current financial constraint being placed on the Council means we need to be creative about how we continue to deliver our services† 2 The budget and the quality are fixed. l will discuss this part in part 2. ) 2 (Project Initiation document. rtf, Alan Robinson, 2012, https:// knowledgenub. local. gov. uk/) 3 (Project Initation document (PID), Ali Ghanimi (project manager), John Magness (Project sponsor), August 2012, https://knowledgehub. local. gov. uk/) Criticism on the project initiation I will criticise all the parts of the project initiation separately. The project has a lot of goals and sub-goals. T his (as seen in the future) will lead to a lack of transparency because there can’t be send out one universal project goal. Also because of this high amount of goals there will be a lack of focus within the own organisation and even at the project manager. Project organisation The project organisation is monitored by the WMT itself; it could be useful to have influences from external parties. Also as seen in the future the complexity of the IT- part of this program is underestimated in this report. There should be more focus on how this IT-part is going to be set up and what kind of recourses are needed to chieve this. There is stated that no detailed business case is required. As shown in the future it would have been useful if they have done this part more detailed. The report would have set more directions for the programme as a whole. The price and quality are going to be fixed, getting the price fixed for an programme this size will require a lot of research in advance of the programme starting. This will take a lot of time and money and will exceed the 100million maximum development money that was agreed of in 2012 by the council office. 4 The universal credit has spent over 425 million pound on the development of Universal Credit, this could have been prevented by focussing more on the use of project management frameworks and a detailed business case which is supported with reliable research. 1 1 (Universal Credit, Incremental IT, Brian Wernham,2013, Course work briefing 344SAM, moodie) project INITIATION DOCUMENT (Pid) Project organisation and structure As seen in the previous part the project used ‘an agile development approach’. The costs and quality were fixed in advance. This is to ensure that the final product is really going to work. The development method, scrum, has been used, this is a flexible way of developing a roduct. The scrum was used without the use of a project management framework such as the Dynamic Systems Development. The programming was done by the scrum-like approach but as seen in section one of this report; this project has a lot of ‘big picture goals’; these goals fixed and are mainly in the Waterfall’ world. The board wanted a big up front design, which is crossing the scrum-like programming approach which is changing it’s goals and methods in an much higher speed. This big picture is counterworking the programmers. Below a illustration how the water-scrum-fall model works. In the Universal Credit System the ‘scrum’ didn’t have a change to be agile, once they went in a direction it was impossible to â€Å"swim back†. 2 1 (Water-scrum-fall model, Cristian Mesaros, Marketing Manager ,2013, www. iquestgroup. com/en/iquest-news/water-scrum-fall-model-life-sciences’) 2 (Universal Credit, Incremental IT, Brian Wernham,2013, Course work briefing 344SAM, moodle) The Overall governance structure is shown in the image below. It must be said that the project manager has been replaced 5 times in over a year of this programme running, how is this possible? The lack of transparency from day 1 has resulted in nclear targets. The project has been monitored by the WMT, this monitoring should have been more in collaborating with the lower-level mangers who where working with a way more flexible approach. Also is there a lack of a good stakeholders communication department, the communication with the stakeholders has been very bad and should have gotten more attention. (Preparing for Universal credit, London Borough of Lewisham local authority led pilot, August 2012, https://knowledgenub. local. gov. uk/) Conclusions The Universal Credit System is a project that has cost 4 times what was counted on. How is this possible and where can we put the blame? I’m going to give my conclusions on this research in 2 departments: Project Initiation The project had too much goals, which has lead to haziness for the ove rall The project has a lot of goals and sub-goals. This (as seen in the future) will lead to a lack of transparency because there cant be send out one universal project goal. Also money that was agreed of in 2012 by the council office. Project organisation and structure The project has changed 5 times of project manager because of a lack of transparency, intern and extern. Credit programme. I think the board underestimated he complexity ot this programme; overall the Universal Credit programme should have used project management a lot more. Recommendations Below a list of recommendations I make on what could have done better on the Universal Credit programme: Divide the programme in separate parts, with separate goals. How to cite The Universal Credit Program: Project Management, Papers

Odyssey Epic Masterpiece Essays - Greek Mythology, Mythology

Odyssey Epic Masterpiece Ancient Greece is known for its beautiful theaters and its skilled poets. One of the most famous ones at that time and famous even now is Homer. Nobody knows who he actually is but the works that he has created are far more than magnificent. The Odyssey and The Iliad are two poems that turned into myths, have actually been accepted as part of the history of the Greeks. The Odyssey is a story about a hero from the Trojan War who struggles to get home to his family and when he finally does he faces the suitors who he fights and defeats with the help of the gods and his son who he hasn't seen for around twenty years. The gradual development of the plot, the actual, end of the book is easily noticed. A big role in that development plays hospitality or as Homer calls it the xenia. Odysseus' journey on his way back to his island Ithaca contains numerous details about hospitality and what it is to be a good or a bad host. His voyage is based on the kindness and the warmth of the people. There are gods and humans, and giants that do not appreciate the hero but he deals with them and we meet with the actual plot of the story, his homecoming. Warmth and kindness are presented within every visit described in the book. Homer draws a very good picture of how guests are welcomed, what entertainment they are given and the way they are send on their way. The picture is filled with kindness and warmth. We could say that the kind of hospitality presented in the book is hardly seen today. The different steps of welcoming some one are really interesting. The host is bathed and fed right after his arrival no matter who he is. Hosts do not really present the question that identifies their guest until later on, after he has been well rested and entertained. A great example of this is when Telemachos and Athene, in the body of Mentor, visit Nestor. When Nestor sees the two men he has never seen before he has a feast with his sons and companions. In the sight of the strangers they all stand up and greet them. The first thing that is done is to find a place for the two guests on the table and to feed them. " But when they had put aside their desire for eating and drinking, first to speak was the Gerenian horseman, Nestor: 'Now is a better time to interrogate our guests and ask them who they are, now they have had the pleasure of eating...'"? In this quote we see some of the interesting customs of welcoming a guest. They are even more emphasized in the visit of Telemachos and Nestor's son to Menelaus, in Sparta. More specifically in the words of Menelaus to his servant when he is asked if the strangers should be send away: " Eteoneus, son of Boethoos, you were never a fool before, but now you are babbling nonsense, as a child would do. Surely we two have eaten much hospitality from other men before we came back here..."? Then he tells his servant to bring the guests to be feasted. Another great custom is seen when Menelaus sends Telemachos and Nestor's son on their way. He gives them precious and expensive gifts. What is the reason for this customs? What is their meaning and significance? If this friendliness did not exist among the characters in the book, Odysseus would never be able to go to his homeland, Ithaca. There would not have been a homecoming that long, and may be the plot of the story would have been different, if Homer did not introduce the detaining of Odysseus at Kalypso's island. The goddess is in love with the mortal and for a long time tries to persuade him to be her husband, only the will of the hero is to go back to his wife and already grown son. Even though holding him against his will, Kalypso is a very good hostess. She never harms Odysseus's. She cooks for him and bathes him but never uses her powers in a negative way. She even promises that she would make him immortal if he marries her. There is warmth and kindness again, the two important elements of xenia. The time spend on Kalypso's island helps pieces of the story, other than Odysseus' journey home and important

Lifes rocky start essays

Life's rocky start essays Lifes Rocky Start is an intriguing piece about the role that rocks played in the beginning of life on a once uninhabited earth. The article was written by Robert Hazen and was featured in the April 2001 edition of Scientific American. He has been a part of a highly trained team of specialists at Carnegie Institution of Washingtons Geophysical Laboratory in Washington, D.C. since 1976. This institution is a private, nonprofit organization involved in basic research and advanced education in the earth sciences. It is a world-renowned laboratory that has led the way in petrology and research for earth science. Over the years, Robert Hazen and his team of experts have conducted many experiments regarding the relationship between the start of life on this planet and rocks. Most of their knowledge can be attributed to the findings of earlier scientists such as Stanley L. Miller. Miller performed many experiments trying to connect minerals with ocean temperatures and the atmosphere. In 1998, with these findings, Hazen and his team started an experiment of their own and took place in the Carnegie laboratory. To help their idea that minerals might have sheltered the ingredients of life, an experiment was conducted in which the amino acid leucine broke down within a matter of minutes in pressurized water at 200 degrees Celsius. But once the iron sulfide was added to the mix, the amino acid stayed together for days. This next experiment conducted in the Spring of 2000 was much more intricate compared to the first one. After they came across the mineral, calcite; a common mineral that forms marble and limestone because it presents brilliant pairs of mirror image faces, they had also discovered that the chemical structure of calcite allowed mollusk shells to strongly bond with amino acids. This set off the need for an experiment regarding these calcite surfaces. Their hypothesis became that calcite surfa...

Launching our Reedsy Project Protection

Launching our Reedsy Project Protection Launching our Reedsy Project Protection Establishing a safe place for authors and publishersOur goal with Reedsy since the very beginning has been to create a safe place for authors and publishers to work seamlessly with the best publishing talent. We envisioned a place where they could be certain that every single collaboration would be a success.Although our careful curation process has helped bring about this reality, we wanted to make it more official. That’s why we just released our Reedsy Project Protection  policy, contained within our Terms of Use.  Here is an excerpt:Service Provider Reedsy account should be suspended or terminated for breaching the Terms of Use.Furthermore, both clients (authors, publishers) and service providers (editors, designers, marketers, ghostwriters, etc.) are bound by the  Mandatory Terms  of their  Service Contracts on Reedsy. These relate to the client materials, IP rights, payments, warranties, cancellation periods, confidentiality and data protection. More about it i n section 5. of our Terms of Use.A unique value propositionOf course, we're not the only services company in the publishing industry to offer similar protection and guarantees on projects. A lot of places will claim they have "satisfaction" or "money-back guarantees". What is really powerful about ours, though, is that it applies to a marketplace  - a network of very different individuals. Whoever the author or publisher chooses to work with on Reedsy, we protect their project. You don’t just get safety, you get safety and choice. Why is choice important? If you’re an author, we believe that one of the most crucial steps in your career is finding the right editor. We encourage authors to contact more than one editor on our marketplace, because doing so increases your chances of finding someone with a communication style you understand, someone you really connect with.If you’re a publisher, you will have to work on different books, from different authors, and often across different genres. Because of this, you will likely need different professionals and skill-sets to meet the editorial needs across your list. Reedsy provides you with a wide range of accessible talent and â€Å"insures† your collaboration with every single one of them.Now that you know why we’re doing this, let’s explain why we can.It’s all about curationWe have had over 1,500 collaborations  on the Reedsy platform so far, and only in 1% of the cases have we  had to step in and mediate, or issue a refund as a third party.There is a very simple reason for that: we put in a lot of  work to vet every single professional who applies to our marketplace, and only accept around 2% of applicants. Moreover, once they’re â€Å"in†, we monitor their response rates and activity on the marketplace to make sure they keep up to our standards of responsiveness and professionalism.It’s actually very easy for us to tell you â€Å"you won’t be disappointed† and put our money where our mouth is, because we know our professionals. We’ve hand-picked them ourselves, we know they do a good job.Let us prove it to you. And as always, let us know in the comments if you have any questions.

DQ-4-Terence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

DQ-4-Terence - Essay Example The new information threatens the regulatory requirements as they provide conflicting information. Concerns though have risen to whether the different uses of internet guidelines are beneficial to the organization and whether the new patterns should align or contradicts the general communication patterns from the body. Investigations into this inquiry are therefore the paramount objective of the paper, articulated through discussions and evidence from the scholarly articles by different researchers. Organizational structure determines the operational policy and the work process of any company that the business employs. Actions as the managerial reporting, movement of knowledge, decision-making process and dissemination of information are the essential components ensured by the organizational structures (Im, Hong & Kang, 2011). The structures whether they move within the organization and between the groups levels has no inherent of being better than the other. Rather, the structures have their sole benefit to the organization that suits them well in a particular situation (Wixom & Watson, 2012). Information flow in the major organizations has been structured on a departmental level and organizational level. The corporate level can be referred to as the flow of ideas within the organization that is inherent from the other organizations branches. The department heads use their own internet rather than sharing a broader network in the whole group. The organizational level uses a different internet in communication to other regions. Many individual will argue that it’s due to the independent nature employed by the organization to ensure each unit performs to its best. Whether the idea of separating internet usage within and between the groups’ levels remains a question for debate? Operating with the same policies and work procedures means the organization has similar goals and objectives to accomplish and why separate their internet

Information systems site visit paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Information systems site visit - Term Paper Example In addition, duplication and omission of a medicine from the EMR or including a drug that the patient does not take currently make up the discrepancies in medical reconciliation. Interactions, such as Drug to drug and drug to disease also form part of the discrepancies experienced (Orrico 2008). Since these errors can be fatal, it is important to control them. Patients are the major agents of discrepancies. The lack of proper communication with the healthcare providers as regards to the medicine that administered to the patient outside the current health care facility is crucial. Sometimes, the patient can receive over-the-counter (OTC) medicine and it is extremely important to reveal this to the healthcare providers in order to avoid discrepancies. For instance, omitting a daily Multivitamin that the patient has initiated from the medication list is a patient generated discrepancy (Vogenberg & DiLascaia, 2013). Practically, it is only through the patient that this product can be included in the EMR, through the patient report. Yes. The systems in the purview of pharmacy are simplified and streamlined. With the escalating costs of health care provision, pharmacists are committed to solve this problem through the system that is streamlined to provide ameliorated health care yet affordable to the patients. Further, the simplification increases access to health care for the patients. Pharmacies are often located conveniently and operate for either extended hours or twenty-four hours a day so that the patients can conveniently access the facility. The pharmacies work closely with specialists and physicians, together with their skills in the field of medication and the utilization thereof, in their bid to provide counseling and advice on new prescriptions, safe use of products and the use of proper OTC treatment (The Pharmacists’ Association of Newfoundland and Labrador 2011). The streamlined and