Discuss how and why Age Discrimination Operates in the Workplace Essay

Talk about how and why Age Discrimination Operates in the Workplace Presentation Talk about how and why Age Discrimination Operates in the Workplace   In the previous hardly any decades, science has made incredible progressions in medication, nourishment and other human sciences. These headways have caused it workable for individuals to be treated for different illnesses and diseases that would have in any case abbreviated their beneficial life expectancy. Individuals are commonly living longer than contrasted with a couple of decades prior and this has implied that there are more individuals in the general working populace that are over the age of 50 (UK Census Bureau, 2012) With these higher numbers and wide age hole between individuals in similar working environments there has emerged the issue of ageism or age separation. Age segregation is characterized as the unreasonable treatment of a person because of their age. It as a rule occurs in working environments as this is the region in numerous social orders where individuals of various age gatherings and with wide age holes are probably going to collaborate. (Age UK, 201 1) Age separation was characterized under the UK Age segregation Regulations act instituted by the UK parliament in 2006 and later on expounded in the Equality Act of 2010. These laws were set up to shield workers from being unjustifiably rewarded or separated on any grounds including age. (The Equality Act 2010 (Commencement No. 9) Order 2012, 2012) It disallows bosses, potential managers credit associations and some other individual or business to deny any assistance or victimize an individual based on their age being or turning into a transsexual individual being hitched or in a common organization being pregnant or having a kid handicap race including shading, nationality, ethnic or national root religion, conviction or absence of religion/conviction sex sexual direction   Age separation can be coordinated against people of all ages, in spite of the fact that it is for the most part coordinated at more seasoned individuals. It tends to be worked at different levels from relational to the work environment, and is compared to prejudice or sexism and is similarly as harming. (Age UK, 2011) This is the motivation behind why these enactments were passed just as comparable enactments in different nations across Europe and the world by and large.   In the UK law be that as it may, there is a particular arrangement for a business to deny an individual work or end their agreement. In these cases, the business needs to demonstrate that the activity is dispassionately legitimate: implying that there are substantial and solid explanations for the utilization old enough as a factor for work, advancements or other business related advantages. These reasons must be reasonable and have the option to confront a council (UK government: Age separation to be prohibited, 2005).   The issue old enough separation in the UK is stressing as the general public itself is reluctant to change. An examination directed by the University of Kent with Age UK demonstrated that albeit more individuals in the UK and Europe were getting mindful old enough segregation because of enactment and government and NGO battles, there was as yet an issue in their individual perspectives towards the old, particularly n the working environment. The investigation, named the European Social Survey, demonstrated that 49.7% of individuals in the UK would prefer to work under a certified 30-year-old manager instead of a comparatively qualified 70-year-old chief. This along with reactions that show that the normal age an individual is considered â€Å"old† is 59, while different nations, for example, Greece thought about mature age to start at 68 years. (College of Kent age study 2012) Proof   According to the 2011 national registration, the UK and Wales populace had developed to 56.1 million: the most elevated it has ever been. In all the districts aside from London, 16.6 to 20 percent of the populace was comprised of individuals matured 65 or more (Macnicol, 2005). These individuals are progressively winding up in circumstances where their age is ending up being a deterrent to their social and expert lives. Age separation in the working environment is the most prevalent type of ageism with the quantities of cases being brought to courts expanding consistently since their initiation. In 2008/9 there were3800 claims presented, this number rose to 5200 of every 2009/10 and to 6800 out of 2010/11 (Ministry Of Justice, 2011) The upward pattern is something contrary to what is being seen for different sorts of separation cases, with the quantity of uncalled for excusal, penetrate of agreement and equivalent compensation every observing drop in their thousands.   A report By Age Watch bunch paints a much grimmer image of the circumstance. This report shows that elderly folks individuals in the UK are progressively being seen as liabilities and their social standing and picture in the public arena, both formal and easygoing is lessening. Inspecting a portion of the reactions from this report, for example, the inquiry concerning whether ‘Employers don’t like having more seasoned individuals on their workforce as it ruins their image’ shows that in each age bunch tested, over 40% concurred with this announcement with just the 16-24 age section going beneath this imprint marginally at 39%. The table beneath shows the graphical portrayal of the outcomes for this inquiry. The rate number of individuals who revealed being dealt with unjustifiably in the year preceding assortment of information shows that ageism is the most noteworthy happening announced instance of out of line treatment.   29% of respondents said that they had revealed a case of somebody oppressing them or somebody related on premise old enough. This has outperformed even sexual orientation based separation which is at 24%. (Age Concern England, 2008). Period of Discrimination Debate   Proponents guarantee that the old are similarly as skilled as the youthful. So age isn't a marker of substandard capacity hence rewarding a person based on their age in uncalled for and biased. Moreover, this is conflicting with standards of equivalent treatment and non-segregation which are focused on the thought of an individual rights. In this manner, it is significant for bosses to settle on their business choices dependent on the appropriateness to play out their activity â€not age. Age without anyone else ought not the single determinant (Age-separation banter has different sides, 1998). Be that as it may, pundits contend that the hypothesis of recruiting ought to be founded on one’s capacity. As a general rule certain capacities are difficult to decide thus manager utilizes age as the intermediary. In sports age a marker of one capacity to work with his partners or extracurricular administration as an administration potential (Anonymous, 2008). Indeed, even th rough, not full verification age gives an unmistakable bearing on other key characteristics, for example, focus, vitality and subjective capacities. This could be especially valuable for a business people who need to have vitality and imperativeness, furthermore it’s significant for clinical expert to have elevated level of wellness and focus in playing out their obligations (Age-segregation banter has different sides, 1998).   Discriminatory rehearses in enrollment and advancement makes hurt the economy. Age separation decreases the general profitability because of the reality it forestalls work headway openings through inadequately coordinating specialists ability and the sets of expectations. As indicated by concentrate by the Cabinet Office in the UK uncovered that lower work among more seasoned individuals decrease the general GDP by  £16 billion for every annum (Age-segregation banter has different sides, 1998). Subsequently, a higher commitment rates among the older prompts better occupation coordinating, expanded business rates and upgraded rivalry among laborer this will turn animate the work showcase prompting expanded efficiency. The regular conviction that the economy has not many and set number of employments, and if more established specialist remain the work showcase they will discredit openings for work to the more youthful individuals or lessen the wages is an error. Studies show t hat wages are probably not going to drop with anticipated deficiencies, for example, in wellbeing area and instructing. In any case, rivals old enough case that laws against age segregation may basically result to the elderly folks individuals working for higher wages, as opposed to more seasoned individuals working. Analyst on age separation laws in the US demonstrated that the expansion in business paces of more seasoned representatives is expected to remaining in their employments for longer as opposed to more established individuals working. Moreover, an expansion in the quantity of more established laborer in the transient will bring about market weights to decrease compensation, along these lines other existing old specialists may endure with wage drop (Age-separation banter has different sides, 1998).   Supporters contend that having hardly any more established specialist likewise builds the sum the administration needs to spend on advantages, benefits and diminishes the assessment base (Age-segregation banter has different sides, 1998). This strain on the open assets is particularly basic in created nations with an expanding number of their populace maturing. This expands the anticipated reliance proportion and pay-more only as costs arise nature of benefits plans. Nonetheless, it could be contended that the supposed ‘benefits’ for government financial plan is in certainty only an exchange. Governments spend less on wellbeing and different advantages and boss is the person who really pays for them. Subsequently, the expense isn't strain to the administration however the business. Basically it an exchange from the legislature to the businesses (Age-segregation banter has different sides, 1998).   With constrained age separation and a compulsory retirement age, business experience the ill effects of a lower turnover and lower enlistment expenses and exertion. This so in light of the fact that representatives work for longer periods than they would some way or another have done previously. It is accepted that as indicated by DTI gauges that the advantage to organizations could add up to  £39m in the principal year. Then again, segregation debilitates expected older ability from

An Examination of the Benefits, Issues and Impact of Implementing the Dissertation

An Examination of the Benefits, Issues and Impact of Implementing the Integrated Electronic Patient Record System in the UK - Dissertation Example This framework gives availability and adaptability points of interest to both clinical work force and patients; it improves data the board and correspondences, and eventually improves persistent consideration. Then again, there are issues concerning protection and security of patient data, and its improvement is exorbitant and a regulatory weight. Besides, there are still worries over patient security. The improvement of an IEPRS in the UK started in 2002, yet the undertaking was assailed by persistent postponements because of the immensity and multifaceted nature of the assignment and heightening expenses. At long last, it was deserted in September 2010. The focal point of the examination consequently went to the encounters of its usage at neighborhood NHS Trusts. Proposals are additionally talked about to guarantee the adequacy of an IEPRS by tending to the worries. A systematic research technique was then received to additionally inspect the usage of an IEPRS in the UK. Its discov eries are talked about and ends are drawn trailed by the analyst's own proposals. Watchwords: clinical records, clinical data, Integrated Electronic Patient Record System, clinical data security, clinical data the executives Table of Contents Section1: Introduction 5 Purpose of the investigation 5 The UK’s Integrated Electronic Patient Record System 5 Issues identified with the usage of an IEPRS 7 Research Objectives 8 Section 2: Research Methodology and Approach 10 Adopted technique for look into 10 Justification for the embraced strategy 11 Limitations 13 Section 3: Literature Review 14 Benefits of an IEPRS 14 General advantages 14 Range, access and adaptability 14 Improved data the executives 15 Improved correspondences and patient consideration 16 Barriers and Issues 16 General dangers 16 Privacy and security 17 Information appropriateness, adaptability and availability 17 Financial boundaries 18 Administrative weight 19 Patient wellbeing 20 Other concerns 21 Summary of d ifficulties 21 Impact of an IEPRS execution 22 NHS’ relinquishment of the framework 22 Continuation of the usage at neighborhood levels 22 EPR frameworks by and by 24 EPR framework rules 25 Elements of the security of patient records 29 Recommendations for a powerful IEPRS 30 Raising mindfulness 30 Promoting inclusion 30 Accessibility 30 Information the executives 30 Information security 31 Ensuring persistent security 35 Remaining concerns 37 Section 4: Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations 39 References 44 CARAT Completeness, Accuracy, Relevance, Accessibility, Timeliness DCR Detailed Care Record DoH Department of Health DPA Data Protection Act EDMS Electronic Document Management Software EMR Electronic Medical Record EPRS Electronic Patient Record System ERDIP Electronic Record Development and Implementation Project FOI Freedom of Information HCHC House of Commons Health Committee HCP Health Care Practitioner (or Provider) HIS Health Information System IEPRS Integrated Electronic Patient Record System IMS Information Management System IT Information Technology LOD Limit of Detection LOQ Limit of Quantitation NAST National Association for Science and Technology NCRS NHS Care Records Service NHS National Health Service (UK) NIGB National Information Governance Board NPfIT National Program for Information Technology NPSA National Patient Safety Agency PAS Patient Administration System PDS Personal Demographics Service RCGP Royal College of General Practitioners SCR Summary Care Record SUS Secondary Uses Service Project proposition An Examination of the Benefits, Issues and Impact of Implementing the Integrated Electronic Patient Record System in the UK Section1: Introdu

How to Develop a Safety Plan for PTSD Symptoms

How to Develop a Safety Plan for PTSD Symptoms PTSD Coping Print How to Develop a Safety Plan for PTSD Symptoms By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Updated on December 05, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children J.A. Bracchi/Getty Images If you have post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), then you likely know that your PTSD symptoms can occur at any time and in any place. PTSD triggers are all around, and it may not take much for a trigger to cause intrusive memories and thoughts about a traumatic event, symptoms of hyperarousal and hypervigilance, or emotional distress. Therefore, given that the occurrence of PTSD symptoms can be unpredictable, it is important to create a safety plan for coping with them when they occur. What Is a Safety Plan? As the name implies, a safety plan is designed to keep you safe when you are suddenly confronted with a difficult situation or crisis. It is basically a way of planning ahead for how to cope with problems should they arise. For example, what would you do if you start to experience a flashback while at the grocery store? How would you cope with intrusive thoughts while in a business meeting? Below are some ideas of things to consider including in your personalized safety plan for dealing with your PTSD symptoms when they occur. Think Ahead Before you go out, think about whether or not you might encounter some triggers for your PTSD symptoms. Identify what those triggers may be and how you can avoid them. If you cant avoid your triggers, come up with several methods of coping with them. In other words, learning how to identify and cope with PTSD triggers is an important first step in putting together your PTSD safety plan. Some common external triggers include: Seeing people or who remind you of your traumatic eventSeeing places which remind you of your traumatic eventSeeing a television show which reminds you of your traumaAnniversariesHolidaysSmells (such as the smell of a hospital)Seeing an accident Write Down a List of Emergency Numbers Social support can be an excellent way of coping with PTSD symptoms. However, social support is only useful if you can get in touch with someone when you are in need. Therefore, make a list of supportive people you can call should you be in a situation where you need help. Make sure you put more than one number on the list in case the first person you call is not available. If you have a therapist and you are able to contact him or her outside of the session, you may want his or her name on your list as well. You may want to make sure you have these numbers programmed into your phone in addition to written out in an easy to access location. Make Sure You Have Your Medication With You If you are on medication for PTSD, make sure that you have it available so that you dont run into any risk of missing a dose. Also, if you are on PRN medication (medication taken as needed), make sure that you have it with you in case you are in a situation where you need it to manage your symptoms. Identify Ways of Coping When people are experiencing emotional distress, it can be very difficult to think of ways of coping with that distress. Therefore, it is best to think ahead of how you might cope with emotional distress should it arise. It may be helpful to make coping cards, notecards you can carry with you that take you through a particular coping strategy. To make your own coping cards, get some index cards and write down, step-by-step, what you would need to do to cope with distress using a particular coping strategy, such as deep breathing or grounding. Take these cards with you wherever you go. Then, when you are experiencing distress, take out the card and go through each step. There are also phone apps available that can help you prepare for crises with PTSD. Identify Early Warning Signs Take a time to learn about and write down the early warning signs that a PTSD symptom may be coming on. Most symptoms dont suddenly occur, but are, in fact, preceded by these warning signs. Warning signs may include: Changes in how you thinkChanges in your moodChanges in your behavior Learning to recognize these warning signs is important both when you are coping with PTSD daily and to avoid relapses as you heal. Enlist the Help of Others Finally, if you are going someplace where you know there may be PTSD triggers, have someone you trust contact you several times throughout the day to see how you are doing and whether or not you need any support. Check-ins like these will make sure that help is not far away should you need it. Bottom Line A safety plan is all about being prepared. Even if you feel as though there is hardly any chance that your PTSD will be triggered, it is best to take the time to come up with a plan in case you do encounter a trigger. The amount of time that you spend coming up with a safety plan will be well worth it if a crisis situation is prevented.

The Consequences of Prohibition Essay - 580 Words

The Consequences of Prohibition On the midnight of 28th October 1919, importing, exporting, transporting, selling and manufacturing of intoxicating liquor came to a halt in America. Possessing substances above the 0.5% alcohol limit was illegal. This was Prohibition. This Eighteenth Amendment was meant to have reduced the consumption level, consequently to have reduced death rates, poverty and principally crime, in the USA. Yet this had quite the opposite effect. The .Act led to even more damage, death and destruction. Many would believe Prohibition was the source of explosive growth of organized crime, as a result the amount of alcohol consumption dramatically increased. The Federal†¦show more content†¦The swindlers, also known as bootleggers set up 100,000’s of illegal ‘speakeasies’ in Chicago alone and worked along the lines of â€Å"intimidation, blackmail†, bribery and homicide. These businesses, often hidden in basements, office buildings, and anywhere that could be found became straightforward for customers to lay hands on hard liquor. On the other hand, the Bootleggers smuggled liquor from oversees and Canada, stole it from government warehouses, and produced their own. The bootlegging business had become so extensive that the laws were flagrantly violated by gangsters, commoners and even sly government officials who had formed â€Å"corrupt alliances† with the mobsters, hence making it impossible to prevent immense quantities of liquor from en tering the country. The industry turned-over large amounts of profit, promoting more gangsters to become involved in the illegal money making business. As a result of this very profitable businesses in the illegal industry, there was much rival between gangs. This is emphasized in source 5, â€Å"underworld gangs set out to control the illicit liquor business† The profit motive caused many violent outrages and cold blooded mass murders, the worst being St. Valentine’s Day massacre, which was ordered by Al Capone, The most powerful and infamous bootlegger.Show MoreRelatedUnintended Consequences of Prohibition1537 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The law of unintended consequences is what happens when a simple system tries to regulate a complex system. The political system is simple; it operates with limited information (rational ignorance), short time horizons, low feedback, and poor and misaligned incentives. Society in contrast is a complex, evolving, high-feedback, incentive-driven system . 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Inequality Can Be Defined As Opportunities Distributed

Inequality can be defined as opportunities distributed to different individuals in a society in an unequal distribution. Education is known to be the great equalizer of society, However, unequal distribution of educational resources negates this very concept. In education, a crucial measure of child s performance their socioeconomic status. Difference in social background results in differences in achievement within an academic field. Studies have shown that the higher the socioeconomic status, the more access to better education, and educational resources such as tutoring and extra educational classes. This is because the individual student s success depends on their parents income and where they live. More affluent neighborhoods have†¦show more content†¦Working-class and poor children, by contrast , tend to under-take the accomplishment of natural growth. ( Lareau 401) Middle class families are well involved in their children lives. They are also encouraging their childre n to engage in extracurricular activities, get involve in active participation in school that will drive them to question things beyond their capacity. While children of working class families do not necessarily demand the active participation of their children but rather delegate order for them to carry out in their daily lives. In addition, less attention is given to children of working class and poor families because they are deemed responsibly enough to carry out task independently. Based on Anyon’s research the level of one’s social class depends on the level of education a child is able to receive. Children of the middle class family are able to receive the higher quality of education because of the resources and the wide arrange of creativity that is allowed in the classrooms. Whereas children of the working class family lack many of those resources leaving them to be less creative and less well rounded. The two elementary schools labeled of working class families, lacked severely compared to those of a higher class. The teachers did not give clear direction of task, or showed any desire to help students who were struggling with their work. An example of working class students in a classroom from Anyon research is stated below: AnShow MoreRelatedEconomic Inequality, Inequality And Inequality952 Words   |  4 PagesOECD, the term inequality in the opposite of equity can be defined as evenness or fairness within the social, political, and economic perspectives. Equity forms the core value of both the western democratic tradition and religions. From the concept of equality, inequality can be described as unfair or uneven treatments of the people within the society or unequal distribution of resources, income, and other factors between different sectors in the society. 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The Universal Credit Program Project Management Free Essays

Management This report is addressed to the Universal Credit Project Board. Number of words: 1582 Executive Summary The Universal Credit Programme has failed in many eyes because of a lack of good project management. I researched the reasons of the lack of good project management and come to some good conclusions on the following subjects: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on The Universal Credit Program: Project Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Project Initiation The programme was underestimated and the goals where to optimistic, the effects of the project initiation are clearly linked back of the complications which appeared later on the project. For example the project has changed project manager 5 times because of a lack of transparency. The lack of transparency can be linked back to setting to many goals in the project initiation. The project should have research the details better on making an IT programme this big. 2. Project organisation and structure The programme has been approached with an agile method, a lot like scrum-method. The biggest mistake that was made is the lack of use of an agile project framework. It is logical that a programme from this size always includes Waterfall project management’. But in the Universal Credit programme the waterfall-managing ethod was counterworking the agile approach that was used. The project also lacks of a good stakeholders communication department, the communication with the stakeholders has been a big problem with the Universal Credit programme. More details about these conclusions can be found in the rest of the report. Introduction to the report For the course Project Management (344SAM) I am asked to write an report addressed to the Universal Credit Project Board. This is regarding the bad publicity the project has gotten lately from the press. The case study consists of an article form Brian Wernham where he claims that the Universal Credit Program has suffered from bad Project Management and a â€Å"lack of transparency’. In my research I will only use the information available till 5 September 2013, because this is the date when the report was published. In my research I will be focussing on the following 2 subjects: 1. Project initiation Brief background on project For this project I will be do research on the project management of the Universal Credit Programme. This program is developed to make a single monthly payment instead of all sorts separately benefits and tax credit top-ups payments. This rogram includes a ‘subsidy to work, people will be encouraged to work this way. To establish this project there must be a solid and reliable IT system. A lot of calculations have to been made and a lot of external influences must be taken in account. I’m going to research: What where the project goals, scope, organisation, business case, constraints? Which organisation and structure has been used? At the end of the report I will write my conclusions and recommendations. Project Initiation When the project was initiated at the end of 2012, there was a lot criticism on the project. This was mainly because of a lack of transparency; people didn’t really know what the programme meant. 1 1(The Ethical Deficit of the Proposed Universal Credit, Harley Dean, 2012, The Political Quarterly, Vol. 83, No. 2) The project initiation can be divided in 5 segments, which I will describe separately. Project Goals They are a lot of project goals for the universal credits programme: Good outcomes for claimants, Improved health (mental health especially), Increase the overall level of competencies and qualifications. Get more people from welfare into work. Reduce the amount of people getting homeless. And there are a lot of smaller goals stated in the report. They want to aim to process 95% of new housing benefits within 1 5 days. Also all the claims will merely be online processed. 3 Scope Entrepreneurial Council Board, Corporate Strategy and Governance Board. Project Organisation The project organisation consists of: 1 . Project Manager 2. Administrative employee 3. Trainee’s for staff 4. Online development 5. Communications and marketing 6. WMT The Entrepreneurial Council Board and WMT monitor the project. Business case There is no business case in the Project initiation document (PID). Constraints The PID says: â€Å"The current financial constraint being placed on the Council means we need to be creative about how we continue to deliver our services† 2 The budget and the quality are fixed. l will discuss this part in part 2. ) 2 (Project Initiation document. rtf, Alan Robinson, 2012, https:// knowledgenub. local. gov. uk/) 3 (Project Initation document (PID), Ali Ghanimi (project manager), John Magness (Project sponsor), August 2012, https://knowledgehub. local. gov. uk/) Criticism on the project initiation I will criticise all the parts of the project initiation separately. The project has a lot of goals and sub-goals. T his (as seen in the future) will lead to a lack of transparency because there can’t be send out one universal project goal. Also because of this high amount of goals there will be a lack of focus within the own organisation and even at the project manager. Project organisation The project organisation is monitored by the WMT itself; it could be useful to have influences from external parties. Also as seen in the future the complexity of the IT- part of this program is underestimated in this report. There should be more focus on how this IT-part is going to be set up and what kind of recourses are needed to chieve this. There is stated that no detailed business case is required. As shown in the future it would have been useful if they have done this part more detailed. The report would have set more directions for the programme as a whole. The price and quality are going to be fixed, getting the price fixed for an programme this size will require a lot of research in advance of the programme starting. This will take a lot of time and money and will exceed the 100million maximum development money that was agreed of in 2012 by the council office. 4 The universal credit has spent over 425 million pound on the development of Universal Credit, this could have been prevented by focussing more on the use of project management frameworks and a detailed business case which is supported with reliable research. 1 1 (Universal Credit, Incremental IT, Brian Wernham,2013, Course work briefing 344SAM, moodie) project INITIATION DOCUMENT (Pid) Project organisation and structure As seen in the previous part the project used ‘an agile development approach’. The costs and quality were fixed in advance. This is to ensure that the final product is really going to work. The development method, scrum, has been used, this is a flexible way of developing a roduct. The scrum was used without the use of a project management framework such as the Dynamic Systems Development. The programming was done by the scrum-like approach but as seen in section one of this report; this project has a lot of ‘big picture goals’; these goals fixed and are mainly in the Waterfall’ world. The board wanted a big up front design, which is crossing the scrum-like programming approach which is changing it’s goals and methods in an much higher speed. This big picture is counterworking the programmers. Below a illustration how the water-scrum-fall model works. In the Universal Credit System the ‘scrum’ didn’t have a change to be agile, once they went in a direction it was impossible to â€Å"swim back†. 2 1 (Water-scrum-fall model, Cristian Mesaros, Marketing Manager ,2013, www. iquestgroup. com/en/iquest-news/water-scrum-fall-model-life-sciences’) 2 (Universal Credit, Incremental IT, Brian Wernham,2013, Course work briefing 344SAM, moodle) The Overall governance structure is shown in the image below. It must be said that the project manager has been replaced 5 times in over a year of this programme running, how is this possible? The lack of transparency from day 1 has resulted in nclear targets. The project has been monitored by the WMT, this monitoring should have been more in collaborating with the lower-level mangers who where working with a way more flexible approach. Also is there a lack of a good stakeholders communication department, the communication with the stakeholders has been very bad and should have gotten more attention. (Preparing for Universal credit, London Borough of Lewisham local authority led pilot, August 2012, https://knowledgenub. local. gov. uk/) Conclusions The Universal Credit System is a project that has cost 4 times what was counted on. How is this possible and where can we put the blame? I’m going to give my conclusions on this research in 2 departments: Project Initiation The project had too much goals, which has lead to haziness for the ove rall The project has a lot of goals and sub-goals. This (as seen in the future) will lead to a lack of transparency because there cant be send out one universal project goal. Also money that was agreed of in 2012 by the council office. Project organisation and structure The project has changed 5 times of project manager because of a lack of transparency, intern and extern. Credit programme. I think the board underestimated he complexity ot this programme; overall the Universal Credit programme should have used project management a lot more. Recommendations Below a list of recommendations I make on what could have done better on the Universal Credit programme: Divide the programme in separate parts, with separate goals. How to cite The Universal Credit Program: Project Management, Papers

Odyssey Epic Masterpiece Essays - Greek Mythology, Mythology

Odyssey Epic Masterpiece Ancient Greece is known for its beautiful theaters and its skilled poets. One of the most famous ones at that time and famous even now is Homer. Nobody knows who he actually is but the works that he has created are far more than magnificent. The Odyssey and The Iliad are two poems that turned into myths, have actually been accepted as part of the history of the Greeks. The Odyssey is a story about a hero from the Trojan War who struggles to get home to his family and when he finally does he faces the suitors who he fights and defeats with the help of the gods and his son who he hasn't seen for around twenty years. The gradual development of the plot, the actual, end of the book is easily noticed. A big role in that development plays hospitality or as Homer calls it the xenia. Odysseus' journey on his way back to his island Ithaca contains numerous details about hospitality and what it is to be a good or a bad host. His voyage is based on the kindness and the warmth of the people. There are gods and humans, and giants that do not appreciate the hero but he deals with them and we meet with the actual plot of the story, his homecoming. Warmth and kindness are presented within every visit described in the book. Homer draws a very good picture of how guests are welcomed, what entertainment they are given and the way they are send on their way. The picture is filled with kindness and warmth. We could say that the kind of hospitality presented in the book is hardly seen today. The different steps of welcoming some one are really interesting. The host is bathed and fed right after his arrival no matter who he is. Hosts do not really present the question that identifies their guest until later on, after he has been well rested and entertained. A great example of this is when Telemachos and Athene, in the body of Mentor, visit Nestor. When Nestor sees the two men he has never seen before he has a feast with his sons and companions. In the sight of the strangers they all stand up and greet them. The first thing that is done is to find a place for the two guests on the table and to feed them. " But when they had put aside their desire for eating and drinking, first to speak was the Gerenian horseman, Nestor: 'Now is a better time to interrogate our guests and ask them who they are, now they have had the pleasure of eating...'"? In this quote we see some of the interesting customs of welcoming a guest. They are even more emphasized in the visit of Telemachos and Nestor's son to Menelaus, in Sparta. More specifically in the words of Menelaus to his servant when he is asked if the strangers should be send away: " Eteoneus, son of Boethoos, you were never a fool before, but now you are babbling nonsense, as a child would do. Surely we two have eaten much hospitality from other men before we came back here..."? Then he tells his servant to bring the guests to be feasted. Another great custom is seen when Menelaus sends Telemachos and Nestor's son on their way. He gives them precious and expensive gifts. What is the reason for this customs? What is their meaning and significance? If this friendliness did not exist among the characters in the book, Odysseus would never be able to go to his homeland, Ithaca. There would not have been a homecoming that long, and may be the plot of the story would have been different, if Homer did not introduce the detaining of Odysseus at Kalypso's island. The goddess is in love with the mortal and for a long time tries to persuade him to be her husband, only the will of the hero is to go back to his wife and already grown son. Even though holding him against his will, Kalypso is a very good hostess. She never harms Odysseus's. She cooks for him and bathes him but never uses her powers in a negative way. She even promises that she would make him immortal if he marries her. There is warmth and kindness again, the two important elements of xenia. The time spend on Kalypso's island helps pieces of the story, other than Odysseus' journey home and important